Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Type O ELISA Antibody Detection Kit (Indirect Method)

Target and Hazard: Type O FMD is the most widespread and economically damaging FMD serotype in China: once an outbreak occurs, large numbers of pigs, cattle and sheep may be affected. After the vesicles on the mouth, feet and teats rupture, animals refuse to eat because of pain and lose condition rapidly, milk yield in dairy cows can fall by more than half, and young animals die suddenly of myocarditis. Its occurrence means quarantine, culling and trade restrictions. It is a Class I animal disease in China and a disease that must be covered in every farm's annual vaccination programme.

Significance of Testing: Using an indirect format, this kit detects type O FMDV-specific antibodies with few handling steps, low unit cost and high throughput per plate, making it well suited to large-sample antibody surveys of commercial herds and routine sampling for immune qualification. By monitoring antibody dynamics over time it shows whether post-vaccination antibody levels reach the required standard, when maternally derived antibodies wane and whether gaps exist in herd immunity, supporting decisions on the vaccination programme (timing of first vaccination, number of doses, vaccine choice). Used with NSP antibody testing it also allows field infection to be differentiated.

Principle: Indirect ELISA: microplates are coated with type O FMDV-specific antigen; antibodies in the sample bind to it and are then recognised by an enzyme-labelled anti-species IgG conjugate. Substrate is added and the colour read, with results interpreted from the sample OD against the positive/negative cut-off.

Performance and Applications: 96-well format, approximately 40–44 samples per plate including controls; total assay time about 2–2.5 hours; read at 450 nm and interpreted against the OD cut-off; store at 2–8 °C, protected from light, shelf life 12 months. Suitable for routine immune monitoring on commercial pig, cattle and sheep farms and for large-scale serological surveys by animal disease prevention and control institutions. Method: indirect ELISA | Samples: serum (pig/cattle/sheep) | Assay time: ~2–2.5 h | Reading: microplate reader at 450 nm, interpreted against the positive/negative cut-off | Format: 96-well plate, ~40–44 samples per plate | Storage: 2–8 °C, protected from light; shelf life 12 months | Note: sensitivity, specificity, limit of detection, intra-/inter-assay CV and agreement with reference methods are subject to our internal QC report.