Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (Type O) VP1 Structural Protein ELISA Antibody Detection Kit (Competitive Method)

Target and Hazard: Type O foot-and-mouth disease virus circulates endemically in China and neighbouring regions and is a priority serotype in FMD control. Infected cloven-hoofed animals develop vesicles and erosions on the oral mucosa, coronary band and teats, refusing to eat and becoming lame from pain, while milk yield in dairy cattle falls sharply; piglets and calves may die suddenly of acute myocarditis, and adult animals that survive remain carriers and shedders with reduced performance. The disease is a Class I animal disease in China: once confirmed it triggers quarantine and stamping-out, with restrictions on livestock movement and export.

Significance of Testing: VP1 lies on the surface of the virus capsid and carries the major neutralising antigenic sites of type O FMDV, so anti-VP1 antibody levels closely reflect vaccine protection. Coated with recombinant type O VP1 structural protein, this kit detects anti-VP1 antibodies in serum for evaluation of neutralising antibody levels and immune qualification after inactivated type O vaccination. Because the antigen is a structural protein, the result reflects the immune response only and not virus infection; it should therefore be combined with non-structural protein (3ABC) antibody testing to differentiate vaccination from field infection.

Principle: Competitive ELISA: microplates are coated with recombinant type O VP1 protein and VP1 antibodies in the sample compete with a fixed amount of enzyme-labelled anti-VP1 monoclonal antibody for the same antigenic sites; the higher the sample antibody level, the weaker the colour (the higher the percent inhibition).

Performance and Applications: 96-well format, approximately 40–44 samples per plate including controls; total assay time about 2–2.5 hours; read at 450 nm and interpreted as percent inhibition (PI) for objective, batch-comparable results; store at 2–8 °C, protected from light, shelf life 12 months. Intended for post-vaccination monitoring of type O FMD in cattle, sheep and pig herds and for serological assessment by animal disease control institutions and third-party laboratories. Method: competitive ELISA (VP1 structural protein antigen) | Samples: serum (cattle/sheep/pig) | Assay time: ~2–2.5 h | Reading: microplate reader at 450 nm, interpreted as percent inhibition (PI) | Format: 96-well plate, ~40–44 samples per plate | Storage: 2–8 °C, protected from light; shelf life 12 months | Note: sensitivity, specificity, limit of detection, intra-/inter-assay CV and agreement with reference methods are subject to our internal QC report.